A new design puncture needle and a device of microcatheter protection for lumbar intrathecal catheterization in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

To introduce a new design needle and a device of microcatheter protection for lumbar intrathecal catheterization in rats,and evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness. Sixty pathogen-free adult male Sprogue-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups(n=30 in each group), the control group (group C) and the modification group(group M). The traditional puncture device, 20G needle, was used in the group C without extemal shielding protection. The new design puncture needle and the microinjection cock were used in the group M. All rats were assessed for motor function on postoperative. The motor function was evaluated 1 day afteroperation. Lidocaine was injected in the catheter at 1st,3rd,7th,14th,21st day post-catheterization, methylene blue was injected in intrathecal at 30th day after operation, and the catheter location was observed. The paw withdrawal threshold(PWT) was measured at 1st,3rd,7th,14th,21st,30th day after operation, open-field test was tested at preoperative and one week postoperative for the purpose of evaluating the autonomous behavior of rats. About motor function:level Ⅰ 75.9%,level Ⅱ 20.7%,level Ⅲ 3.4% in group C, and level Ⅰ 96.7%,level Ⅱ 3.3% in group M, Compared with group C,group M had higher percentage of the level Ⅰ in motor function (P＜0.05);Lidocaine test and methylen blue location showed that each one case of catheter was removed on the 14th and 21st day after intubation in group C, and total four cases were removed till the 30th day, while all catheters were in normal location in group M. There was significant difference between two groups in protection of the extemal portion of catheter(P＜0.05); The time of intrathecal injection in group M was only 1 minute, and it spent more than 3 minutes in group C. Compared with group C,the time of intrathecal injection is significantly shorter in group M(P＜0.01);PWT was reduced to the lowest on the third day after catheterization, and there was significant difference compared with preoperative(P＜0.05), PWT recovered on the 7th day and there were no significant difference between two groups; Compared with preoperative, there was no significant difference in the parameters of the group M in the open field test, neither between two groups. The new design puncture needle by its less injury and higher efficiency can be used in intrathecal catheterization. The microinjection cock is reliable and convenient for repeat injection with a perfect protection function of the external portion of catheter, meanwhile it has no impact on rats' autonomous behavior so that it is worthy of further promoting.

Identification of medicinal plants within the Apocynaceae family using ITS2 and psbA-trnH barcodes / 中国天然药物

To ensure the safety of medications, it is vital to accurately authenticate species of the Apocynaceae family, which is rich in poisonous medicinal plants. We identified Apocynaceae species by using nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and psbA-trnH based on experimental data. The identification ability of ITS2 and psbA-trnH was assessed using specific genetic divergence, BLAST1, and neighbor-joining trees. For DNA barcoding, ITS2 and psbA-trnH regions of 122 plant samples of 31 species from 19 genera in the Apocynaceae family were amplified. The PCR amplification for ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences was 100%. The sequencing success rates for ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences were 81% and 61%, respectively. Additional data involved 53 sequences of the ITS2 region and 38 sequences of the psbA-trnH region were downloaded from GenBank. Moreover, the analysis showed that the inter-specific divergence of Apocynaceae species was greater than its intra-specific variations. The results indicated that, using the BLAST1 method, ITS2 showed a high identification efficiency of 97% and 100% of the samples at the species and genus levels, respectively, via BLAST1, and psbA-trnH successfully identified 95% and 100% of the samples at the species and genus levels, respectively. The barcode combination of ITS2/psbA-trnH successfully identified 98% and 100% of samples at the species and genus levels, respectively. Subsequently, the neighbor joining tree method also showed that barcode ITS2 and psbA-trnH could distinguish among the species within the Apocynaceae family. ITS2 is a core barcode and psbA-trnH is a supplementary barcode for identifying species in the Apocynaceae family. These results will help to improve DNA barcoding reference databases for herbal drugs and other herbal raw materials.

Study on Virtual Screening of Active Components from Yiqi Ziyin Decoction in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To conduct virtual screening for active component， target and pathway of TCM Yiqi ziyin decoction in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus， and to elucidate the pharmacodynamic mechanism of this decoction in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus at molecular level so as to provide theoretical basis for its popularization， application and rational organization. METHODS： Chemical compounds isolated from 10 ingredients of Yiqi ziyin decoction were retrieved from Handbook of Chemical Constituents of Original TCM Plants. Drug/drug-like molecules for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus were retrieved from DrugBank database. Three-dimensional molecular structures of each component were downloaded from PubChem Compound database. The structure was optimized by using Cerius2 4.10 software， and the small molecular data set of Yiqi ziyin decoction was established. Using “type 2 diabetes mellitus” as keywords， target protein of type 2 diabetes mellitus were retrieved and screened from target protein databases， and their three-dimensional structures were downloaded from protein database. The selected compound molecules （ligands） were docked with target proteins （receptors）， and small molecules with high activity （sorted according to the values of Degree and Betweenness） and target proteins with high correlation were found. The interaction mechanism between ligand and receptor was discussed by taking the fine docking of selected small molecules with target protein （N-trans-caffeoyl tyrosine molecule and glycogen synthase kinase-3β） as an example. RESULTS： There were 732 kinds of chemical components and 127 drug/drug-like molecules； 30 target proteins of type 2 diabetes mellitus were screened. According to the values of Degree and Betweenness， 8 molecules with high activity （such as N-trans-caffeoyl tyrosine， hyperin and so on） and 10 target proteins with high correlation （such as carbonic anhydrase1， glycogen synthetase kinase-3β and so on） were screened out. The interaction between N-trans-caffeoyl tyrosine and glycogen synthase kinase-3β could form hydrogen bonds and π alkylation， thus affecting the structural stability and activity of the latter and reducing blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS： In this study， it found there existed not only one molecule compound interacting with multiple targets， but also different molecule compound  interacting with the same target on Yiqi Ziyin decoction for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by virtual screening， it revealed the characteristics of multi-component and multi-target synergism of TCM prescriptions at the molecular level， providing reference for screening lead compounds and structural modification of new drug for diabetes mellitus.

Diagnosis and Management of Postoperative Acute Pulmonary Embolism after Thoracic Surgeries - Experience of Diagnosis and Management for 37 Patients with Postoperative Acute Pulmonary Embolism after Thoracic Surgeries / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most severe complications after thoracic surgeries. Thus it is of great importance to learn the characteristics of acute PE after thoracic surgeries. This study summarized the clinical characteristics and experience on the diagnosis and treatment of 37 patients with postoperative acute pulmonary embolism, in order to improve its prophylaxis and management level.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively reviewed 37 patients with postoperative acute pulmonary embolism following thoracic surgeries. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis, surgical procedure, onset time, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management were comprehensively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There were 16 males (43.2%) and 21 females (56.8%). The average age was (65.64±6.29) years (range from 53 years to 82 years) and 32 patients were over 60 years. BMI ranged from 17.1 kg/m² to 30.8 kg/m² with median of 26.3 kg/m². And 27 patients' BMI (73.0%) were over 25.0 kg/m². Thirty-four patients (91.9%) were with malignancies. Median presentation time was the 4th day postoperatively, while 11 patients were presented on the 3rd day postoperatively which accounted for the most. Patients with acute pulmonary embolism accounted for 77.8% from 9 am to 9 pm. D-dimer (D-D) ranged from 1.0 μg/mL-20.0 μg/mL (FEU) with median of (7.09±4.45) μg/mL (FEU) and 32 (86.5%) patients' D-D were over 3.00 μg/mL (FEU).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The survival rate of postoperative acute pulmonary embolism can be increased by fully understanding its clinical characteristics, early diagnosis and multiple disciplinary treatment.

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma shown as ground-glass nodule: radiology, histopathology and molecular biology characteristics / 国际肿瘤学杂志

With multi-slice spiral CT widely used in lung cancer screening,ground-glass nodule (GGN) has also received extensive attention.In addition to benign disease,GGN may also be a special manifestation of early lung adenocarcinoma and its precancerous lesions.Therefore,investigation of the correlation between CT imaging features of GGN and pathological subtypes or molecular biology of lung adenocarcinoma is of great significance in guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Study on the Chemical Compositions of N-butanol Extract from Solanum lyratum / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical compositions of n-butabol extract from Solanum lyratum. METHODS:Glucan LH-20 column chromatography,silica gel column chromatography and TLC were adopted to separate and purity the chemical com-positions,physicochemical property and spectral evidence to identify their structures. RESULTS:Totally 10 chemical compositions were separated from n-butabol extract,namely apigenin-7-O-β-D-apiofuanosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucose (1),apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucose (2),adenosine(3),3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(8′S)-3′-methoxy-4′-hydroxyl-phenyl-alcohol]-E-cinnamic-phenylpropyl alcohol-4-O-β-D-glucoside (4),N-(4-amino-butyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-E-acrylamide (5),N-(4-amino-butyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-me-thoxy-phenyl)-Z-acrylamide (6),resveratrol (7),naringenin (8),quercetin (9) and dioscin (10). CONCLUSIONS:Compound 1-8 are first separated from S. lyratum,the study can lay a foundation for quality evaluation of S. Lyratum.

Effect of salvianolic acid B on TNF-α induced cerebral microcirculatory changes in a micro-invasive mouse model / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>To investigate the effects of salvianolic acid B (SAB) on tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α) induced alterations of cerebral microcirculation with a bone-abrading model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The influences of craniotomy model and bone-abrading model on cerebral microcirculation were compared. The bone-abrading method was used to detect the effects of intracerebroventricular application of 40 μg/kg·bw TNF-α on cerebral venular leakage of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- albulmin and the rolling and adhesion of leukocytes on venules with fluorescence tracer rhodamine 6G. The therapeutical effects of SAB on TNF-α induced microcirculatory alteration were observed, with continuous intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg·h SAB starting at 20 min before or 20 min after TNF-α administration, respectively. The expressions of CD11b/CD18 and CD62L in leukocytes were measured with flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical staining was also used to detect E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with craniotomy method, the bone-abrading method preserved a higher erythrocyte velocity in cerebral venules and more opening capillaries. TNF-α intervention only caused responses of vascular hyperpermeability and leukocyte rolling on venular walls, without leukocyte adhesion and other hemodynamic changes. Pre- or post-SAB treatment attenuated those responses and suppressed the enhanced expressions of CD11b/CD18 and CD62L in leukocytes and E-selectin and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells induced by TNF-α.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pre- and post-applications of SAB during TNF-α stimulation could suppress adhesive molecular expression and subsequently attenuate the increase of cerebral vascular permeability and leukocyte rolling.</p>

A study on the single -tube multiplex RT -real time PCR assay in detecting rotavirus,astrovirus and hepatitis A virus / 预防医学

Objective To develop and evaluate a single -tube multiplex RT -real time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of rotavirus,astrovirus and hepatitis A virus.Methods Gen -bank sequences of rotavirus,astrovirus and hepatitis A virus were included as reference sequences.Primers and probes were designed based on the reference sequences.A multiplex real -time RT -PCR assay was developed,and the reproducibility,specificity and sensitivity of the assay were evaluated.Fecal samples from 1 28 patients with viral diarrhea were detected and verified by gene sequencing.Results There was high reproducibility and specificity of the single -tube multiplex real -time RT -PCR assay for detecting rotavirus,astrovirus and hepatitis A virus.Detection limits of 1 01 copies were achieved in tests of rotavirus,1 02 copies for astrovirus and hepatitis A virus in one reaction.3.1 3% and 1 7.97% of 1 28 clinical specimens were detected positive for astrovirus RNA and rotavirus RNA respectively.And the positive samples were verified by gene sequencing.Conclusion Rotavirus,astrovirus and hepatitis A virus can be detected and identified by the single -tube multiplex RT -real time PCR assay with high specificity and sensitivity.The assay developed in this study can be applied to the clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation.

Rapidly detect and distinguish between norovirus G I and G II type with a pair of primers / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this study was to develop RT- PCR assay for Rapidly detect and distinguish between Norovirus genogroup I and genogroup II with a pair of primers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pairs of primers specific to capsid prote in ORF2 gene of G I and G II Norovirus were dsigned according to the published complete genome sequence, with which the RNA of Norovirus was extracted and RT-PCR amplification. The sensitivity, specificity of the RT- PCR assay was estimated and apply it to the detection of Norovirus in clinical specimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that the assay possessed high specificity for Norovirus detection and without any evident cross-reaction with other viruses, including rotavirus, enteric adenovirus and hepatitis A virus. The detection limit of RT-PCR assay for Norovirus G I and G II were up to 100 pg/ml and 10 pg/ml respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The RT- PCR assay provide rapid and sensitive detection of Norovirus G I and G II and should prove to be useful for Norovirus diagnosis in the outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis.</p>

Influence of clinical characteristics and tumor size on symptoms of bladder leiomyoma: a pooled analysis of 61 cases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bladder leiomyoma is an uncommon type of bladder neoplasms. Most publications are reports of isolated cases. The influence of tumor size on patients' early symptoms was seldom analyzed. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics of bladder leiomyoma and the influence of tumor size on patients'symptoms in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We reviewed the medical records of eight patients diagnosed with bladder leiomyoma at our department, collected 53 cases from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wangfang data base, and Chinese Biological Medicine Disk, and performed a pooled analysis. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed and then classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The association between tumor size and the occurrence of symptoms was evaluated. Furthermore, Logistic regression model was constructed to discriminate variables.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Women comprised the majority of the patients (49/61, 80.3%). The mean age and tumor size were (42.3 ± 14.0) years and (45.0 ± 25.7) mm, respectively. Among all the symptoms, irritative symptoms occurred most frequently (37.7%, 23/61), followed by obstructive urinary symptoms (31.1%, 19/61), hematuria (24.6%, 15/61), and abdominal bulge or pain (14.8%, 9/61). In our study, patients who were 45 years old or younger tended to be asymptomatic compared with elder ones (14/36 vs. 3/25, P = 0.021). The histological, as well as anatomical, location of tumor, did not show significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (P = 0.306 and 0.700). Tumors larger than 30 mm in the greatest diameter would cause clinical symptoms such as obstructive urinary symptoms (P = 0.048) and irritative symptoms (P = 0.037). Logistic regression confirmed the association between tumor size and the occurrence of symptoms, which was related with age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bladder leiomyoma occurs mainly in women and most frequently with irritative symptoms. The occurrence of symptoms is related to tumor size rather than the location. In this setting, patients with endovesical tumors smaller than 30 mm in the greatest diameter tended to be asymptomatic, which were usually treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor.</p>

Efficacy of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables for the prediction of recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after intravesical pirarubicin instillation / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the influence of intravesical Pirarubicin (THP) instillation on the prediction results of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables and to discuss the efficacy of EORTC risk tables in clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 389 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after TURBT treated with intravesical pirarubicin instillation. According to the EORTC Scoring System, all the cases were divided into low risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group. The 1-year and 5-year recurrence and progression rates of each group were calculated and compared with the prediction results of the EORTC risk tables.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 1-year recurrence and progression rates of the low risk group were 8.0% and 0, those of the intermediate risk group were 31.0% and 2.8%, and those of the high risk group were 52.5% and 18.6%, respectively. The 5-year recurrence and progression rates of low risk group were 16.0% and 5.3%, those of the intermediate risk group were 42.6% and 10.7%, and those of the high risk group were 63.9% and 41.9%, respectively. The prediction results of progression rate were similar to that of the EORTC risk tables while the overall recurrence rate was lower.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The EORTC risk tables can be effectively used to predict the recurrence rate and progression rate of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, the EORTC risk tables have a tendency to overestimate the recurrence rate. Intravesical pirarubicin instillation is helpful to reduce the recurrence rate, yet has no obvious influence on the tumor progression.</p>

Molecular characteristics of noroviruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou / 病毒学报

To study the molecular characteristics of Noroviruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou. During April 2008 and February 2009, fecal specimens of patients collected from 2 outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were tested for Norovirus by real-time RT-PCR. Partial sequence of RNA dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp) of the positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR, the PCR products were then purified, sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. Both genogroup II (GII) and genogroup I (GI) noroviruses were detected in 2 outbreaks. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two of the GI norovirus strains isolated from 2008 belonged to genotype GI/2 and one of the GI Norovirus strain isolated from 2009 belonged to genotype GI/3. The other GIIú norovirus strains isolated from 2009 had high nucleotide identity with GIIb genotype that had been reported frequently in European countries during 2000 and 2001 and in Asian countries recently. These results suggested that the epidemic strains of norovirus isolated in Huzhou had a high degree of genetic diversity and prevalent genotypes at different times were also different. To our knowledge this is the first report of detecting GIIb variant in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in China.

Surgical treatment of primary tracheal tumors in 63 cases / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the experience in diagnosis and treatment of primary tracheal tumors, and to improve the life quality of patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-three patients with primary tracheal tumors treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University during the past 40 years were included in this study, among them, there were 42 cases of malignant tumors and 21 cases of benign tumors. The 61 patients underwent surgery including tracheal sleeve resection (22), carinal resection and reconstruction (6), semi-carinal resection and reconstruction (6), tracheal resection for tracheal tumors (17); tracheostomy (4), tracheal resection, partial resection of the thyroid (goiter) and esophagomyotomy (1), tracheal tumor resection and vertical hemilaryngectomy with reconstruction of laryngeal ventricle and trachea by sternocleidomastoid flap (2), cervical trachea and laryngeal resection (1), and carinal scrape (2).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-five patients had an uneventful recovery. Eight patients suffered from postoperative complications, among them 3 patients died postoperatively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Primary tracheal tumors often present atypical symptoms, are easily misdiagnosed and with poor prognosis. The main aim of treatment remains to remove the airway obstruction.</p>

Molecular characteristics of noroviruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the molecular characteristics of Noroviruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 2008 to 2010, total 119 fecal specimens collected from outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were tested for Norovirus. Partial sequence of RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of the positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR, then the PCR production were purified, sequenced and put into phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>50 of 119 specimens were positive for Norovirus by real-time RT-PCR. Out of those 50 Norovirus positive specimens, 9 were Norovirus Genogroup I (GI) positive, 35 were Norovirus Genogroup II (GII) positive, 6 was both Norovirus GI and GII positive. 12 PCR products for RdRp were selected for further studies on sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 5 GI norovirus isolates were belonged to genotype GI/2 and GI/3. Of the 7 GII norovirus isolates, 6 were belonged to genotype GII/4, 1 was belonged to genotype Glib.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Norovirus is a major cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou and the epidemic strains of norovirus isolated from Huzhou had a high degree of genetic diversity.</p>

The study of the sensitive and specificity on HBV DNA replication by HBV-lP detecting / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect HBV-LP and HBV DNA of the patients with hepatitis B, and to study the sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP detecting and its evaluate on for clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ELISA was used for HBV-LP detecting and RT-PCR for HBV DNA detecting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP and HBV DNA were 64.89%, 99.68%, 60.63% and 100% respectively (P > 0.05); +LR, -LR were 202.78, 60.63, 0.3522 and 0.3937, and there were significance between +LR of the detecting (P < 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitive and specificity of HBV-LP and HBV DNA detecting are considerable, +LR of HBV-LP are higher comparing HBV DNA. The HBV-LP is better serology index for detecting replication of HBV DNA.</p>

Construction of lentiviral mediated CyPA siRNA and its functions in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a lentiviral-vector-mediated CyPA small interference RNA (siRNA) and study its function in non-small cell lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>First, four target sequences were selected according to CyPA mRNA sequence, the complementary DNA contained both sense and antisense oligonucleotides were designed, synthesized and cloned into the pGCL-GFP vector, which contained U6 promoter and green fluorescent protein (GFP). The resulting lentiviral vector containing CyPA shRNA was named Lv-shCyPA, and it was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Next, it was cotransfected by Lipofectamine 2000 along with pHelper1.0 and pHelper 2.0 into 293T cells to package lentivirus particles. At the same time, the packed virus infected non-small cell lung cancer cell (A549), the level of CyPA protein at 5 d after infection was detected by Western Blot to screen the target of CyPA. A549 were infected with Lv-shCyPA and grown as xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by FCM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing that lentiviral-vector-mediated CyPA siRNA (Lv-shCyPA) producing CyPA shRNA was constructed successfully. The titer of concentrated virus were 1 x 10(7) TU/ml. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated G2-M phase (11.40% +/- 0.68%) was decreased relatively in A549/LvshCyPA compared with control groups (14.52% +/- 1.19%) (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of A549/Lv-shCyPA (5.01% +/- 0.5%) was higher than control groups (0.35% +/- 0.17%) (P<0.05). Visible tumors were only detectable at 6th day after inoculated by A549/Lv-shCyPA. The xenograft tumors of A549/Lv-shCyPA remarkably delayed tumor growth and remained at a similarly small average size at 38th days after inoculation compared with the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lentiviral-vector-mediated siRNA technique effectively inhibits the expression of CyPA, induces the NSCLC cell apoptosis, inhibits the tumor growth. Elucidation of the precise role of CypA in these pathways may lead to new targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer.</p>

Distribution and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in tumor tissue / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Tumor has an ability to become enriched in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and of guiding MSCs to migrate to tumor tissue. But there are lack of relevant reports on the distribution and differentiation of MSCs in tumor tissue and the effect on tumor growth after MSCs engrafted in tumor tissue. In this study, we observed the distribution of bone marrow MSCs in tumor tissue and the possibility of MSCs differentiating into myofibroblast under the induction of local tumor microenvironment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly classified into the control group and the test group. MSCs were isolated and cultured for each animal. vx-2 tumor tissue was transplanted under the bladder mucosa of each animal. One week after the transplantation, the self F2 passage MSCs marked by 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole were transplanted into tumor tissue in the test group while only Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-low glucose was infused into the control group. Ultrasonography was performed for each animal 1, 2, 3 and 4 week (s) after the vx-2 tumor mass was transplanted. The maximum bladder tumor diameter of each animal was recorded and the mean value of each group was calculated. One animal from each group was sacrificed in the third week and the remaining animals in the fourth week to observe the tumor development. Another animal treated the same as the test group was sacrificed to observe the distribution of MSCs in tumor tissue one week after self MSCs transplantation. Immunofluorescence was used to trace MSCs in tumor tissue. The double labeling immunofluorescence for alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and vimentin was performed to identify whether the MSCs can differentiate into myofibroblast.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ultrasonography showed no tumor mass one week after the vx-2 tumor mass transplantation. The mean maximum tumor diameter of the control group and test group was (0.70 +/- 0.14) cm and (0.78 +/- 0.14) cm, respectively, and there was no significant difference (t = 1.308, P = 0.204). The tumor growth rate of the test group increased gradually in the third and fourth weeks, and the difference of the mean maximum tumor diameter between the two groups also increased gradually and was statistically significant (P < 0.05). MSCs distributed uniformly in tumor tissue one week after transplantation while most were distributed in the tumor stroma three weeks after transplantation. The double labeling immunofluorescence showed that the expression of alpha-SMA as well as Vimentin increased significantly three weeks after mesenchymal stem cells engrafted into tumor, indicating that MSCs had differentiated into myofibroblasts under the induction of the tumor microenvironment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MSCs can accelerate the tumor development and can differentiate into myofibroblast under the induction of tumor microenvironment.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of blunt diaphragmatic rupture / 中华全科医师杂志

A retrospective analysis was carried out in 36 patients with blunt diaphragmatic rupture during March 1991 and March 2006. Twenty-two diagnoses were confirmed preoperatively, and the rest 14were confirmed perioperatively. Three patients underwent surgical treatment after no response to conservative therapy. Thoracotomy was performed in 21 patients, laparotomy in 9, thoracotomy plus laparotomy in 5 and combined thoraco-laparotomy in 1. Most diaphragmatic rupture may be caused by blunt collision and could lead to thoracoabdominal injury. In spite of high mortality rate, the condition is usually under diagnosed. Definite diagnosis and timely operation are important to increase survival rate and reduce mortality.

Effect of transfection of recombinant human endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of transfection of recombinant human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) into human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFbs), and to observe NO secretion and the synthesis of collagen I and III.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant human eNOS with karyocyte expressive vector was constructed in vitro, then was transfected into HSFbs which was isolated from hypertrophic scar tissues and cultured in vitro (T group). The HSFbs untransfected (normal culture) or transfected with empty-vector was used as control group and empty-vector group respectively. The mRNA expression of eNOS, collagen I and III was determined by Realtime PCR. The content of NO was determined by NO assay kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of eNOS mRNA in T group was 5.92 +/- 0.21, which was obviously higher than that in empty-vector group (0.98 +/- 0.13, P < 0.05). The expression of collagen I mRNA (0.76 +/- 0.15), and collagen III (0.79 +/- 0.08) in T group was significantly lower than those in empty-vector group (0.98 +/- 0.15, 1.02 +/- 0.12, P < 0.05, respectively). The content of NO in T group (36.1 +/- 0.8 micromol/L) was obviously higher than that in empty-vector group (28.4 +/- 1.0 micromol/L, P < 0.01) and control group (27.7 +/- 1.3 micromol/L, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HSFbs can be the target cells for eNOS gene transfection. The transfected cells can express eNOS and produce NO, which inhibit the synthesis of collagen.</p>

Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the penis complicated by Fournier gangrene: a case report / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical presentation, pathologic characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the penis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 49-year-old man presented with painful swelling and inflammation of the foreskin, failed to respond to antibiotic treatment and dorsal incision, and was instead complicated by Fournier gangrene. Then he underwent debridement and pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pathological results indicated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the penis. Immunohistochemistry showed CD3 and CD45 RO to be positive, but CD30, CD79a, CD20 and HMB negative. The patient was treated by interferon alpha and ultraviolet B for 2 weeks, followed by total removal of the external genitalia because of necrosis of the corpus spongiosum, which involved the scrotum and right testis on pathological examination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the penis is a rare condition and easily mis diagnosed in the early phase. Definitive diagnosis depends on pathological study.</p>